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Table of Contents | Background
& Objective | Contributors
Spatially Integrated Social Science: Chapter 4
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Agent-Based Modeling: From Individual Residential Choice to Urban Residential Dynamics
Itzhak
Benenson
Abstract
Householder residential choice and residential
mobility are among the touchstones of theoretical and applied
study of urban systems. Agent-Based (AB) models of these processes
imitate the explicit behavior of individual migrating householders;
they thereby integrate modern social spatial science with
urban theory and applications. Spatially explicit agent-based
models account for the real-world heterogeneity of urban infrastructure
and population, and enable comprehension and forecasting of
urban spatial population dynamics based on high-resolution
municipal and census GIS databases. From the perspective of
AB modeling, regional or global urban dynamics represent outcomes
of agent behavior yet influence those agents’ characteristics
and behavior in turn.
The chapter reviews state-of-the-art AB modeling of urban
residential dynamics, including a review of the social foundations
and empirical studies that provide the basis for the model's
validation. The analysis demonstrates the macro-level outcomes
of the co-adaptive local behavior of multiple agents in terms
of the evolution of residential segregation, neighborhood
formation, and emergence/decline of socio-cultural groups.
The simulation of residential dynamics in the Yaffo area in
Tel Aviv (population: 30,000) provides an example of the application
of the AB model to the real-world problems.
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