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Table of Contents | Background
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Spatially Integrated Social Science: Chapter 11
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Mapping
Social Exclusion and Inclusion in Developing Countries: Spatial
Patterns of São Paulo in the 1990s
Gilberto
Câmara, Aldaiza
Sposati, Dirce Koga,
Antonio Miguel Monteiro, Frederico Roman Ramos,
Eduardo Camargo, and Suzana Druck Fuks
Abstract
This chapter examines the use of spatial
analytical techniques to explore the patterns of social exclusion
for the Brazilian city of São Paulo, based on indices
of social exclusion/inclusion calculated from census data.
We used global and local spatial autocorrelation indices to
identify clusters of social exclusion and social inclusion
in São Paulo. Spatial regression techniques measured
the relation between the various phenomena that comprise social
exclusion, and helped establish how the conditioning factors
of social exclusion vary within the city. We also used geostatistical
techniques for producing surfaces of spatio-temporal trends
in the evolution of crime in São Paulo. These examples
show how spatial analytical techniques can enhance the understanding
of social exclusion and inclusion patterns in large cities
of the developing world.
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